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工業(yè)清洗的清洗方法有哪些?
來源:http://www.ishihara2010.com/ 時(shí)間: 2021-11-29 瀏覽次數(shù): 0
浸泡清洗法
Immersion cleaning method
在槽中加入酸性或堿性清洗液,將被需要清洗的物件放入進(jìn)行浸泡,使表面和內(nèi)腔的附著物通過浸泡方式變軟或自然脫落的方式。這種方式物理浸濕,純粹是靠清洗液的化學(xué)反應(yīng)作用來達(dá)到清洗目的,需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,并且清洗能力弱。
Add acidic or alkaline cleaning solution into the tank and soak the objects to be cleaned, so that the attachments on the surface and inner cavity become soft or fall off naturally by soaking. Physical wetting in this way is purely based on the chemical reaction of the cleaning solution to achieve the purpose of cleaning, which takes a long time, and the cleaning ability is weak.
噴氣清洗法
Jet cleaning
在清洗槽內(nèi)安裝多路噴氣口噴嘴,噴氣口方向?qū)?zhǔn)清洗物件,打開氣泵將物體表面的灰塵或臟物吹走,有的工廠大部分是采用工業(yè)用氣槍,工人手握對(duì)著吹的方式,該方式主要去除的是灰塵等沒有粘附性的臟污,對(duì)油脂、蠟質(zhì)、膠性污垢沒有作用。
A multi-channel air jet nozzle is installed in the cleaning tank. The direction of the air jet is aligned with the cleaning object, and the air pump is turned on to blow away the dust or dirt on the surface of the object. In some factories, most of them use industrial air guns and workers hold hands to blow. This method mainly removes dust and other non adhesive dirt, which has no effect on grease, wax and colloidal dirt.
噴水清洗法
Water jet cleaning method
同噴氣法一樣,安裝多路噴嘴,使清洗液在噴射在清洗物表面,依靠水流的沖擊力,將水或混合性的清洗液對(duì)物體進(jìn)行清洗,特別是在高壓狀態(tài)下,洗滌能力顯著加強(qiáng)。
Like the air jet method, a multi-channel nozzle is installed to spray the cleaning liquid on the surface of the cleaning object. Depending on the impact of the water flow, the water or mixed cleaning liquid is used to clean the object. Especially under high pressure, the washing capacity is significantly strengthened.
機(jī)械刷洗法
Mechanical brushing method
在清洗槽內(nèi)用工裝夾具安裝毛刷,滾輥,拉絲布等,將需要清洗的物體放在槽中,利用機(jī)械的運(yùn)動(dòng),工具毛刷、布等與工件磨擦實(shí)現(xiàn)清洗,這個(gè)在浸泡的同時(shí)輔助機(jī)械力,是一種比較初級(jí)原始的清洗方式,有直接效果,但不適合比較精密型或清洗品質(zhì)較高的工件,特別是對(duì)精密件有損傷。
Install brush, roller, wire drawing cloth, etc. in the tool fixture in the cleaning tank, put the objects to be cleaned in the tank, and use the mechanical movement, tool brush, cloth, etc. to realize cleaning by friction with the workpiece. This auxiliary mechanical force while soaking is a relatively primary and original cleaning method, which has direct effect, but it is not suitable for more precise or high-quality workpieces, Especially damage to precision parts.
超聲清洗法
Ultrasonic cleaning method
在清洗槽內(nèi)安裝超聲波換能器,超聲波換能器發(fā)出震動(dòng)波,在液體中傳播,將液體分子拉裂成空化泡,由于周圍壓力的增大,空化泡迅速破碎,破碎的瞬間產(chǎn)生巨大的能量,從而把物體上的粘附物,碎屑,油脂等剝離下來,達(dá)到清洗的目的,該方法是一種無損的清洗方式。
An ultrasonic transducer is installed in the cleaning tank. The ultrasonic transducer sends out vibration waves and propagates in the liquid to pull and crack the liquid molecules into cavitation bubbles. Due to the increase of surrounding pressure, the cavitation bubbles break rapidly and generate huge energy at the moment of breaking, so as to peel off the adhesion, debris and grease on the object to achieve the purpose of cleaning, This method is an efficient and nondestructive cleaning method.
真空清洗法
Vacuum cleaning method
利用真空泵產(chǎn)生真空,將水中游離氣體和溶解氣體釋放出來,通過排氣閥排出,脫氣后的是不飽和水,具有一定的吸收性,來進(jìn)行清洗,當(dāng)然該方法與超聲結(jié)合效果更好。
The vacuum pump is used to generate vacuum, release the free gas and dissolved gas in the water, and discharge them through the exhaust valve. The degassed water is unsaturated water, which has certain absorption for cleaning. Of course, the combination of this method and ultrasound has better effect.
干冰清洗法
Dry ice cleaning method
干冰具有獨(dú)特的熱力學(xué)性能,溫度極低(-78℃),當(dāng)干冰顆粒被壓縮空氣沖擊到被清洗物表面時(shí),會(huì)迅速升華,在千分之幾秒內(nèi)體積膨脹近800倍,同時(shí)與待洗零件表面產(chǎn)生熱交換,達(dá)到清洗零件表面的目的,因其設(shè)備造價(jià)和使用成本等因素,目前采用的相對(duì)較少。
Dry ice has unique thermodynamic properties and extremely low temperature (- 78 ℃). When dry ice particles are impacted by compressed air on the surface of the cleaned object, they will sublimate rapidly, expand nearly 800 times in a few thousandths of a second, and generate heat exchange with the surface of parts to be cleaned to achieve the purpose of cleaning the surface of parts. At present, relatively few are used due to factors such as equipment cost and use cost.
滾筒清洗法
Drum cleaning method
在槽內(nèi)安裝滾筒或波輪裝置,旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生高速離心力,使柔軟物體甩向筒壁,上升后又回流下降,形成中心渦流,一方面帶動(dòng)水流運(yùn)動(dòng),一方面類似拍打攪拌,再加上洗滌劑的作用,達(dá)到清潔的效果。
A drum or wave wheel device is installed in the tank. During rotation, a high-speed centrifugal force is generated to throw the soft object towards the cylinder wall, rise and then return and fall, forming a central vortex. On the one hand, it drives the water flow, on the other hand, it is similar to beating and stirring, coupled with the role of detergent, so as to achieve the cleaning effect.
飽和蒸汽法
Saturated steam method
利用飽和蒸汽的高溫,軟化污垢,清洗零件表面的油漬污物,將其汽化蒸發(fā)。清洗效果比較好,但由于蒸發(fā)的一些殘留物不能掉落,還需輔助其他方法將其除去。
Use the high temperature of saturated steam to soften dirt, clean oil stains and dirt on the surface of parts, and vaporize them. The cleaning effect is relatively good, but since some evaporated residues cannot fall, they need to be removed by other methods.
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